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United Nations Security Council

 Introduction:

It one of six main organs of the UN. It consists of 5 permanent members and 10 non-permanent member 

Permanent members:

U.S.A, China, France, U.K,  Russia.

Non-permanent members:

  • There are 10 non-permanent members elected by the UN General Assembly for a term of  2 years.
  • A retiring member is not eligible for immediate re-election.
  • Every year elections were held for 5 non-permanent members.
  • Non-permanent members are Belgium, South Africa, Indonesia, Dominican Republic, Estonia, Germany, Niger, Tunisia, Saint Vincent, and the Grenadines.
  • In Recent elections, India, Mexico, Norway, and Ireland elected for the term of 2 years (2021-22).



Election Procedure: 

elections were held by secret ballot.

  • Seats allocated accordingly
  1. Asia and Africa states                  -5 seats 
  2. Eastern Europe states                   -1 seat
  3. Latin American states                  -2 seats
  4. Western Europe and Other states -2 seats

To elect as a nonpermanent member. Member state should get 2/3rd majority in General Assembly

Functions:


  • To maintain international peace and security.
  • To take military action against the aggressor.
  • Recommend the admission of new members.
  • call on a member to apply economic sanctions.
  • Recommend methods for adjusting disputes. 


 Veto power:

Five permanent members have veto power.

Issue:


  • veto power is in a discriminatory manner
  • UNSC permanent membership is outdated. Need to increase permanent members

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